The Use of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy People With Substance Abuse Problems Free Essay Example, 3000 words

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy evolved from two therapeutic disciplines namely Behaviour Therapy and Cognitive Therapy (Shinebourne lecture, 2010). Behaviour Therapy was strongly influenced by the behaviourist movement in Psychology, particularly the Classical Conditioning theories of Pavlov and the Learning Theories by Thorndike and Skinner. Behaviourism was developed as a reaction against the prevailing Freudian psychoanalysis which focused on the workings of the mind, inclusive of the conscious, pre-conscious, unconscious and the concepts of id, ego and superego. It also put much emphasis on childhood experiences. It explains that most of the adult personality, coping and defence mechanisms are results of experiences that brought about strong emotions during childhood (Freudian lecture, 2010). However, behaviourism questioned Freud s Psychoanalysis scientific basis and lack of empirical evidence. Also, behaviour therapy did not consider mental processes such as thoughts, belief s, interpretations, imagery, etc. It was realized that behaviour and emotions are also strongly influenced by cognitions such as the thoughts, beliefs and interpretations that people make (Shinebourne lecture, 2010). Hence, the fusion of behaviourist and cognitive principles became Cognitive Behaviour Therapy. Aaron Beck claims that much of our psychological problems are caused by cognitive distortions due to our acknowledged human fallibility. We will write a custom essay sample on The Use of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: People With Substance Abuse Problems or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page Aaron Beck claims that much of our psychological problems are caused by cognitive distortions due to our acknowledged human fallibility. In depressed people, these belief systems, or assumptions, develop from negative early experiences such as the loss of a parent, rejection from peers, an unrelenting succession of tragedies, criticism from teachers, parents or peers, or even the depressed behaviour of a parent. These negative experiences lead to the development of dysfunctional beliefs about the world, which are triggered by critical incidents in the future. (Field, 2000). Beck (1987) came up with the concept of negative cognitive triad that describes the pattern that triggers depression. In the first component of the triad, the client exhibits a negative view of himself.

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Bodybuilding Subculture The Bodybuilding Culture

Marisa McGinnis Bodybuilding Subculture 1. Which group did you choose? Why did you pick that group? The group I chose was the bodybuilding culture. I chose that group because some of my family were bodybuilders when they were young, and also because it is an interesting topic to me. As a member of the throws squad in the UC Irvine Track and Field program, we do a lot of lifting and we stay conscious of what we eat. From what I’ve seen in bodybuilding it take that to a larger scale. 2. What is the dominant identity of the group? The dominant identity of the group would be males who are interested in becoming bigger and stronger, past the point of normal human standards. Although there are women who are bodybuilders, and they have their own Miss Universe and Ms. Olympia for bodybuilding, it is still a male dominated sport (EDinformatics). 3. What is the group’s relationship to the larger society? The group is easily identifiable in larger society. The very nature of bodybuilding is to stand out from everyone else (Sinicki). That being said, bodybuilders are generally accepted in society, aside from a few strange looks and comments; unless steroids or other banned drugs are used (which increase aggression) they fit peacefully into society (Sinicki). 4. Give a brief history of the group. The first start of bodybuilding is seen in 11th century India. They had very basic dumbbells and barbells and used them to exercise and become more physically appealing, and by theShow MoreRelatedDeviance Essay1597 Words   |  7 Pageshealthy lifestyle is exercise. Working out helps control body fat and can prevent certain health conditions and diseases. As people are captivated by the goal of having a healthy and muscular body, this obsession can lead to the deviant behavior of bodybuilding. A deviant behavior is an act that departs from the usual or accepted social standards. Questions that many ask are, â€Å"Why do bodybuilders want to have a body that is so abnormal? As well as, why do they exercise so often?† Bodybuilders workoutRead MoreA Bodybuilding Subculture Essay2078 Words   |  9 PagesEng. 1400 Dr. DuBose The History and Evolution of a Huge Subculture Many subcultures have derived since the beginning of time. They could be classified through religion, culture, style, outlook on life and many other aspects. The one subculture that has grown tremendously through out time is a very hard one to notice as a subculture opposed to a sport. Its said that bodybuilding started way back in the times of great philosophers like Plato who believed that a man should strive for aRead MoreBodybuilding : The Qualities Of Bodybuilding, Backgrounds, And Their Underlying Attitude Toward The Sport1387 Words   |  6 PagesBy using ruthless advance study methods, I was able to ask direct questions about the characteristics of bodybuilding, backgrounds, and their underlying attitude toward the sport (Roberts and Zweig). Bodybuilding is not only about eating high-calorie meals, lifting, and strength. It is about motivation, hard work, and perseverance. Bodybuilding is about delivering that message to number of different audiences at different tim es and in different places (Beebe). We as humans send and receive messagesRead MoreFactors in Choosing Leisure Activities2041 Words   |  8 PagesLeisure activities are done by the individual because of set of group of sociocultural factors, which in my case, I divided them into personal factors, which are factors that are closely related to specific individual in the society, like goals, subculture, individual’s situations in that moment, and institutional role of the individual in that moment, age, sex, and gender of the individual; social capital factors, like living in a capitalism society, individualism, and sociability; and social class

Poetry in the Romantic Era Essay Example For Students

Poetry in the Romantic Era Essay Blake was said to see animals as symbols of Gods kindness (lamb) and in this case, Gods evil (tiger). He is exploring the question of the goodness of God. Is he all good and pure or Is he more similar to humans and has both sides to him, good and bad. The entire poem uses such delicate and mysterious language. The poem Is soaked in ambiance and spirituality which I find to be rare in other poems Ive read from the text book. The next three stanzas focus on where God came from in distant deeps or skies and like the stricture this allows you to paint in your head. Another verse in the next three stanzas that I like is In what furnace was thy brain? asking the question is god physical. My favorite two lines of the poem are When the stars threw down their spears, and watered haven with their tears because of the glorious visual It paints for you of the creation of our world through Flakes eyes. The poem concludes with a reference question to lamb (good) and tiger (evil) and if God has crafted both of these animals. The last stanza is the same stanza it begins with, depicting the beauty and danger of the Tiger. Brahmas is much more indirect about questioning the origins of man. You would need to understand the Hindu culture on some level before being able to understand what he Is trying to convey. Shadow and sunlight are the same Is a comparison that means that Brahmas (himself) is everywhere in both the light and the dark. Or two contrasting forces, brahmas exists there. l am the doubter and the doubt is one of my favorite lines in this poem be cause it continues that contradicting theme that is reign to Western beliefs. T The poem explores God but on a different level and it also explores the God that is placed In every one of us. The poem concludes with Its most poetic statement Find me, and turn thy back on heaven which I do not know exactly how to Interpret, but I love what I think it means and how it sounds when you read it. In some ways I see that as meaning find me and you will find what you wanted to find in your idea of heaven. Overall the poem is not as poetic but more like reading scripture. I like both styles. In Flakes poem his Western views come across dramatically. The belief in one referenced in Brahmas, The strong Gods one for my abode, and pine in vain the sacred Seven. The language and style of both poems is drastically different however. In Flakes poem there is a sense of familiarity in the way he has tried to make it beautiful and pleasing to read. In Emerson poem it seems less for the reader and more for the purpose of writing a poem about sacred things. Both of them are intended to indulge into the most mysterious subject of literature, God.